…indicated is the discrimination between the sellers operating in the marketplace, such as (i) self-favouring of own products/services or that of certain sellers’ in terms of product/seller listing by the…
…on the by-object nature of restrictions of competition that leads to an overly cautious approach in self-assessment Lacking guidance on elements required to fulfil Article 101 (3) There should be…
…collusion and thereby raise significant anti-competitive concerns. Smart contracts, simply put, are self-executed digital contracts which are automatically executed based on the fulfilment of given contingencies, without the element of…
…Motril for a period of two years, enough time for the new operator, MOLINS, to establish itself in the market, and for customers in the south of Spain to find…
In Joseph Heller’s seminal World War II novel, the protagonist Captain Yossarian finds himself in an inescapable situation. To continue flying into war is insane, but claiming insanity to avoid…
…and is, quite obviously, very risky (no assignors) and rather expensive (notary’s and registration fees). Self-financed individual litigation German courts quite clearly prefer the self-financed individual lawsuit to any…
…informational self-determination under the provisions of the General Data Protection Regulations (hereinafter GDPR).[11] In essence, the German Competition Authority held Facebook’s violation of privacy law – the GDPR – as…
Early April, the Federal Supreme Court clarified controversial questions regarding the privilege against self-incrimination in Competition Law Proceedings in three much-noticed decisions (2C_383/2020, 2C_87/2020 and 2C_88/2020)[1]. The Decisions In 2018,…
…management and access to self-employment; access to and enjoyment of essential private services and public services and benefits; law enforcement; migration, asylum and border control management; and administration of justice…
…DMA Proposal. This choice defeats the DMA’s self-proclaimed goal of harmonising national laws and raises serious doubts as to whether Article 114 TFEU can be the right legal basis. Now,…
