Competition law, E-commerce, Keyword bidding, Online advertising restrictions

(Bird & Bird, The Netherlands) and (Bird & Bird, Netherlands)/ /2 Comments

Introduction The growth of e-commerce over the last decade has had a significant impact on most if not all retail markets. Trends like the increased importance of online sales, price transparency and the emergence of new market players such as online platforms significantly affected the distribution and pricing strategies of both manufacturers and retailers, not…

Abuse of dominance, Competition law, Digital markets, Netherlands

(Bird & Bird, The Netherlands) and (Bird & Bird, Netherlands)/ /Leave a comment

After Google has been fined several times for breach of (EU) competition rules the last couple of years, it might now be Apple’s turn. Last month (March 2019), Spotify filed a complaint against Apple with the European Commission. The Dutch Authority for Consumers & Markets (“ACM”) immediately responded by stating that ACM is finalizing its…