Main Developments in Competition Law and Policy 2023 – Spain
…purchase ships built by Spanish shipyards at a 20-30% rebate (SA.21233). In 2013, the Commission concluded that three out of the five tax measures conforming the STLS amounted to State…
Search Results for: wedding rebate
Main Developments in Competition Law and Policy 2023 – Italy
…of the Court of Justice in case C-680/20, the Consiglio di Stato concluded that the ICA correctly deemed Unilever liable for the conducts (including exclusivity clauses and rebates) that Unilever…
Reason and Fiat in the Google Shopping Case
…loyalty rebates, which since Intel escape liability if they do not meet the as-efficient-competitor test, even if they are capable of foreclosing (less efficient) competitors. So what is the right…
Main Developments in Competition Law and Policy 2023 – Germany
…market for print advertising in TV magazines. The FCO did not uphold this finding: market shares shifted for all players from 2014-2021, and rebates granted to advertising customers were relatively…
What Fine Should Be Imposed to Intel for the So-called Naked Restrictions After the Annulation of the Part of the Decision Relating to Loyalty Rebates?
…2009 decision dealt with two different types of practices that were considered to be anti-competitive at the time. On the one hand, the decision analysed conditional loyalty rebates, which the…
Main Developments in Competition Law and Policy 2022 – Poland
…Karcher risked losing rebates, marketing support, or even terminating their contract with Karcher. Some distributors played an active role in supporting the enforcement of measures meant to discipline non-compliance with…
Antitrust and Crypto Exchanges: Time to HODL (Part 2)
…fee holidays, discounts and rebates. Given the importance of network effects and the stickiness of liquidity once it has gathered on a venue, the time to market and first-mover advantage…
Abuse of dominance, As Efficient Competitor, European Commission, European Court of Justice, Guidance, Guidelines, Margin squeeze, Restriction by effect
EU Movement on Exclusionary Abuses, but in Which Direction?
…of an AEC test in rebate cases should be assessed on the basis of the type of rebates at stake, by distinguishing between retroactive rebates conditional on a customer purchasing…
Temporary Crisis and Transition Framework: Dealing with Crisis and Transitioning to a Net-Zero Economy – But At What Cost?
…of tax credits, performance requirements, direct rebates and subsidies and favours American-made green technology. Specifically, the Act will grant in the following ten years up to $370 billion to undertakings…
Main Developments in Competition Law and Policy 2022 – Greece
…their object to prevent, restrict or distort competition in the Greek market. b) price signalling: disclosing information on prices, rebates, benefits or credits related to the products or services supplied…