National competition authorities (NCAs)

Competition enforcement, Damages, European Court of Justice, National competition authorities (NCAs), National court, Private enforcement, References for a preliminary ruling

(University of Göttingen, Germany)/ /Leave a comment

In a preliminary reference procedure stemming from a private cartel damages action in Spain, the European Court of Justice (‘ECJ’ or ‘the Court’) had to rule on the binding effects of national competition authorities’ (‘NCAs’) decisions for private enforcement as evidence before national courts. Besides, another question concerned the effects of the automatic nullity of…

Consumer welfare, Economics, Financial markets, National competition authorities (NCAs), Switzerland

, (KU Leuven)/ /Leave a comment

The collapse of Crédit Suisse and its subsequent takeover by UBS has produced far-reaching effects, affecting the global banking landscape. Financial stability considerations and market turmoil surrounding the takeover have been widely discussed in the media. Other perspectives, however, have received relatively little attention. In this blog post, we consider a number of competition law…

Abuse of dominance, Advantage, As Efficient Competitor, Burden of Proof, Competition proceedings, Consumer welfare, Discrimination, Electricity, European Court of Justice, Italy, National competition authorities (NCAs), National court

(University of Brescia)/ /Leave a comment

Facts and court proceedings Before the start of the liberalization process in 1999 with Legislative Decree 79/1999 (“Decreto Bersani”), the Italian electricity market was run singlehandedly by the Ente Nazionale Energia Elettrica (Enel), born with the nationalization of electricity in 1962. As the former Italian legal monopolist, Enel was integrated into all stages of the…

Damages, Disclosure, European Court of Justice, National competition authorities (NCAs), Railway, References for a preliminary ruling

(University of Göttingen, Germany)/ /Leave a comment

The preliminary ruling of 12 January 2023 in RegioJet can easily be perceived as a continuation of the jurisprudence on disclosure rules that was developed by the European Court of Justice (the Court or ECJ) in the case of C-163/21 – PACCAR. The PACCAR case concerned specific questions of disclosure of documents, which were not…

Abuse of dominance, Discrimination, European Court of Justice, National competition authorities (NCAs), National court, References for a preliminary ruling, Regulation

(bpv Hügel)/ /Leave a comment

Jurisdiction after DB Station At the end of last year, the ECJ rendered a much-anticipated ruling in the DB Station case (C-721/10), which fundamentally clarified the hierarchy between regulators and civil courts in abuse of dominance cases relating to regulated infrastructure sectors. After lengthy national proceedings, the ECJ decided that national civil courts can only…

Abuse of dominance, As Efficient Competitor, Economics, European Court of Justice, European Union, Exclusive dealing, Italy, National competition authorities (NCAs), National court, References for a preliminary ruling

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On 19 January 2023, the EU Court of Justice, answering questions from the Italian Council of State, confirmed that the Intel effects-based approach applies also to exclusive dealing practices and held that competition authorities must duly examine economic evidence produced by dominant undertakings. The court also held that, under certain narrow circumstances, conduct implemented by…

Anticompetitive agreements, Information exchange, National competition authorities (NCAs), Norway

, , (Advokatfirmaet Haavind AS)/ /Leave a comment

Exchanging information with competitors can be a minefield. On 29 November 2022, the Norwegian Competition Authority (NCA) fined Norway’s four largest book publishers and a database provider a total of NOK 545 million (approximately EUR 52 million) in a unique hub-and-spoke information exchange case. This is only one of several information exchange cases being pursued…

Abuse of dominance, Belgium, Digital Markets Act, Ex post regulatory assessment, Killer acquisitions, Merger notification, Merger regulation, Mergers, National competition authorities (NCAs)

(Leiden University)/ /1 Comment

The impressive acceleration in mergers and acquisitions, combined with the promotion of disruptive business strategies, has put the ‘regulatory gap’[1] paradox at the heart of the current European merger control policy debate. While the current EU merger control regime risks fragmentation with the advent of the new Guidance on Referral Mechanism and the Digital Markets…

Abuse of dominance, Interim measures, National competition authorities (NCAs), Patent settlements, Spain

(Universidad CEU San Pablo)/ /Leave a comment

On 21 October 2022 the Spanish CNMC imposed a fine of 38.9 million EUR on MERCK SHARP & DOHME DE ESPAÑA, S.A. and its parent company MSD HUMAN HEALTH HOLDING, B.V. (hereafter jointly ‘MSD’) for abusive practices in the Spanish market of contraceptive rings. Their breach consisted in having made baseless court claims with the…

Anticompetitive agreements, European Commission, Exemptions, Guidelines, Horizontal, National competition authorities (NCAs), Netherlands, Sustainability

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Sustainability as a policy priority It is no news that sustainability is an important topic of competition policy across the EU. There is clear consensus that competition law enforcement should be careful not to hinder cooperation between companies, even competitors, that facilitates the realisation of or progress towards reaching sustainability goals of climate policy (or…