Legal presumptions play an important role in competition enforcement. They can translate decades of judicial experience and economic learning into workable, practical tools for efficient enforcement of the competition laws and provide predictability and clarity to companies seeking to comply with those laws. In the past few years, presumptions have been increasingly introduced to streamline…
The Swedish Competition Authority (“SCA”) is sharpening its tools for tackling harmful mergers. On 27 March 2025, the Authority adopted new regulations and general guidelines for merger notifications. The new regulations extend the list of documents and market data that must be included in the notification, increase the expectations for the parties to engage in…
The ECN+ Directive had to be transposed into the national laws by 4 February 2021. Only five Member States (Germany, Hungary, Lithuania, Sweden, and the Netherlands) adopted their national implementing measures in time. On the date of this blog-post, Estonia remains as the only Member State that has not yet transposed the ECN+ Directive (see…
Introduction Earlier this year, the European Commission published a legislative proposal for a new FDI Screening Regulation. The legislative proposal builds, as noted in the Commission’s 4th Annual Report on the screening of foreign direct investments (FDI), on the experience gained by the Commission and EU Member States over the previous three years under…
In Brief On 10 October 2024, the Australian Government introduced a bill into Parliament for Australia to enact a mandatory and suspensory competition merger clearance regime. The regime will commence on 1 January 2026, although parties can voluntarily seek clearance under the new regime from 1 July 2025. The thresholds for mandatory merger clearance[1] are…
Background On 24 May 2024, royal assent was granted to the UK Parliament’s Digital Markets Competition and Consumers Act (“DMCC”) (available here), a year after the Bill was first introduced to Parliament. The DMCC brings the most significant reforms to UK competition and consumer law in two decades, enhancing the existing powers of the Competition…
Introduction In the past two years, the Czech Competition Authority (CCA) added several new tools to its arsenal for competition enforcement. This year the CCA and the Government of the Czech Republic proposed another significant set of updates to the Czech Act No. 143/2001 Coll., on the Protection of Competition (the Act). Arguably, the most…
Part I: Prohibitive Provisions This blog post is the first in a series of two blog posts. The objective of this series is to provide a brief overview of the Draft Amendment of the Turkish Competition Act (“Draft Law”, “Turkish DMA”, “Draft” or “Law”). The first blog post focuses on the substantive provisions whereas the…
The Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2023 (PERA), introduced by Senators Thom Tillis and Chris Coons, aims to broaden the scope of patentable subject matter in the U.S. This Act addresses limitations from Supreme Court decisions like Alice Corp. v. CLS Bank International, which have restricted patent eligibility under Section 101 of the Patent Act….
On June 20, 2024, the Canadian Parliament passed important changes to Canada’s Competition Act (Act) with the enactment of Bill C-59, the Fall Economic Statement Implementation Act, 2023 (Bill C-59). The amendments to the Act contained in Bill C-59 mark the third (stage in the Canadian government’s extensive overhaul of Canadian competition law, which began…
