The topic of the essential facility doctrine has made unexpectedly frequent appearances in EU case law over the past few years, which continues to refine the application scope of Bronner. The recent preliminary procedure in the case of Google Android Auto will inevitably become part of this process, which may have some significant consequences in…

Introduction The decision of the ECJ of 10th of September 2024 (C-48/22 P) brings the Google Shopping saga to an end. The decision by the highest court confirms the conviction of Alphabet by the General Court (T-612/17) (see the blogpost on General Court’s decision here). The European Commission had previously imposed a record fine of…