Introduction In 2024, the Netherlands Authority for Consumer & Markets (“ACM”) in the Netherlands made some steps in shaping the landscape of competition law and policy. The year was marked by a series of impactful initiatives and enforcement activities aimed at encouraging a sustainable economy, promoting a fair digital economy, and accelerating the energy transition….
Significant competition law developments emerged in Chile during 2024. While this summary does not provide a detailed description of how Chile’s competition enforcement system operates (for that, please refer to the previous series), it is important to recall that the Chilean system involves the intervention of three authorities: Fiscalía Nacional Económica (“FNE”): its main powers…
2024 marked the 10th year since the Georgian Competition and Consumer Agency (GCCA or Agency) started operating as an independent competition enforcer. Created to satisfy an obligation under the 2014 EU-Georgia Association Agreement on maintaining “an authority responsible and appropriately equipped for the effective enforcement of the competition laws”[1] this enforcer has undergone significant transformation…
In recent years, one could have argued that merger control dominated Estonia’s competition enforcement landscape, with high-profile cases setting precedents. However, 2024 painted a different picture. Merger control did not generate the same level of excitement or controversy as in previous years. Instead, the year will likely be remembered for heated debates surrounding legislative proposals,…
Introduction and Summary As we move forward from 2024, it is time to reflect on last year’s main developments within Swedish competition law. The Swedish Competition Authority (the “SCA”) has been busy with merger reviews, including a significant case before the Patent and Market Courts. Also, the SCA’s record fine for alleged resale price maintenance…
Below we cover the main competition law developments in Spain in 2024, concerning (i) institutions and legislation, (ii) antitrust, (iii) mergers and (iv) State aid. Institutions and Legislation Teresa Ribera Joins the European Commission as Executive Vice-President and Commissioner for Competition On 27 November 2024, the European Parliament confirmed Teresa Ribera as the Executive…
Intro The year 2024 witnessed significant legislative developments and active enforcement of the Antimonopoly Act (“AMA”) by the Japan Fair Trade Commission (“JFTC”). The year also saw increased scrutiny of digital markets amid legislative efforts targeting major platform operators, reflecting broader global trends to regulate gatekeeping behavior and ensure fair competition. This blog entry is…
In 2024, Swiss competition law saw significant developments. The first instance of abuse of relative market power was determined based on the novel offense introduced in 2022. The Secretariat of the Swiss Competition Commission (“ComCo”) also determined that antitrust principles apply to labor markets, marking a pioneering stance among authorities in its detailed examination of…
For the last few years, a series of significant, iterative amendments to Canada’s Competition Act (Act) have occupied centre stage in any discussion of Canadian competition law and policy. With the last of these amendments coming into force in June 2025, attention is increasingly shifting to how the cumulative amendments will be applied. In this…
2024 marked the 15th anniversary of the Autorité de la concurrence – previously the Conseil de la concurrence – (Press release, 12 November 2024), a record anniversary. Indeed, the French competition authority (“FCA”) has had a “historic year” with “€1.4 billion in fines imposed and a record 295 mergers examined” (Press Release, 15 January 2025). As the European Court of…
