This year’s recap of the main developments of competition law and policy in Italy in 2024 will first provide a brief and general policy update, and then will discuss some of the main sector-specific developments (without any aspiration of being exhaustive). Then, we will provide some updates concerning the private enforcement of competition rules, as…
Year at a Glance 2025 saw a flurry of developments in Slovenian competition law, featuring all the hallmarks of antitrust enforcement. From market investigations in the food delivery sector to alleged bid rigging in IT procurement, it was an eventful year. Not to mention the abandoned mega-merger of grocery chains, which failed to resolve competition…
The following is a selection of some important developments in German competition law and policy in 2024. It covers the latest legislative changes for hospital mergers, cases under special rules for digital gatekeepers, abuse of dominance, merger control, the sector inquiry into charging stations for e-vehicles, antitrust (cartels, vertical price fixing and horizontal cooperation) and…
In Denmark, the Danish Competition Council is the principal enforcer of competition law, with the Danish Competition and Consumer Authority acting as the day-to-day caretaker and rendering decisions in (minor) cases. Decisions made by either the Competition and Consumer Authority or the Competition Council may be appealed to the Danish Competition Appeals Board or the…
Introduction With 2024 now in hindsight, it is time to reflect on the developments in the Polish competition law landscape over the past year. It can be summarized as a continuation of activities of the Polish Competition Authority – President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (UOKiK), based on previously developed frameworks, taking…
For Korea, 2024 was a tumultuous year, even setting aside the president’s unexpected self-coup and martial law incident (luckily, short-lived as a mere midwinter night’s dream). Discussions around platform regulation were more intense than ever, and urgent debates emerged regarding the role of competition law and policy in the AI sector (which seems to be…
In comparison to the year prior, 2024 may have seemed a quiet time for Peruvian competition law, but it was not without important developments. Heralded worldwide as the “year of elections,” 2024 brought changes to the Peruvian competition agency (the National Institute for the Defense of Competition and the Protection of Intellectual Property, or INDECOPI,…
With 2024 behind us, I look back at what were the main competition law developments in the Western Balkans, both when it comes to new legislation and the application of the current rules. A high level of merger control activity seems to be common for most of the region (except for Bosnia and Herzegovina), although…
Abstract This report outlines key developments in Hungarian competition law and policy in 2024, including legislative changes, enforcement actions, and market inquiries. Highlights include exemptions for joint venture agreements, stricter de minimis rules, increased fines, and clarified statutes of limitations. Major enforcement cases targeted unfair commercial practices and procurement cartels, with significant fines imposed on…
In 2024, the new composition of the CADE’s Tribunal—with four new commissioners—worked towards a more intense look at digital markets. In mergers case law, Minerva’s acquisition of assets from Marfrig in the food sector was a case to highlight. Price fixing agreements by professional unions were another relevant topic on CADE´s agenda. Regarding soft law,…
